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Stephen Bruce Knisley
Professor, Primary Core Faculty
Director of Graduate Programs/Studies
Professor of Biomedical Engineering, UNC Chapel Hill
Professor of Medicine, UNC Chapel Hill
Adjunct Professor of Applied and Materials Sciences, UNC Chapel Hill

Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering
UNC Chapel Hill and NC State University

UNC Chapel Hill Office
152 MacNider Hall
UNC Chapel Hill
Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7575
Phone: 919-966-6653
Fax: 919-966-2963

E-mail: 

Primary Research Area:

Biomedical Engineering including Bioelectric Stimulation, Biophotonics, Cardiac Electrophysiology, Mathematical Modeling, Medical Instrumentation

Intelligent Systems and Bioengineering including Biomedical Systems, Medical Devices

Research Interests:

Electrophysiology
Biomedical optics

Education:

PhD, Biomedical Engineering, UNC Chapel Hill
BSE, Biomedical Engineering, Duke University
Postdoctoral, Biomedical Engineering, Duke University

About Dr. Stephen Bruce Knisley:

Research Background and Interests:
Biomedical Optics and Bioelectric Stimulation Lab


Support:

Grants Pending

"Biology and Engineering Initiative in Graduate Education," Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need Program of the Department of Education, 8/01/04-7/31/07. total program funds requested (Federal +Non-Federal) $1,275,726. Principal Investigator Stephen B. Knisley.

"Joint Biomedical Engineering Program in Functional Genomics," a Special Opportunity Award from The Whitaker Foundation, 1/01/04-6/30/06. Total amount requested $883,995. Principal Investigator Terry Magnuson, Co Investigator Stephen B. Knisley.

"Establish Small Animal Imaging Research Program," National Institutes of Health, 7/01/04-6/30/09. Total amount $2,316,978. Principal Investigator Weili Lin, Co Investigator, Stephen B. Knisley


Grants Funded

"Research Supplement for Mechanisms of Arrhythmias and Defibrillation in Ischemia," National Institutes of Health, 5/01/2003-8/31/2005. Total award $92,158. Principal Investigator Stephen B. Knisley, minority trainee Ariele Drummond.

"Electro-Optical Cardiac Mapping," a Grant in Aid from the American Heart Association, Mid-Atlantic Affiliate, 7/01/03-6/30/05. Total award $120,000. Principal Investigator Stephen B. Knisley.

"SPECT Mammography Using Rotating Slant Hole Collimator," an R01 grant from the National Institutes of Health, 7/09/1999-6/30/2003. Total award $715,993. Principal Investigator Stephen B. Knisley (substitute for B. Tsui).

"Biomedical Engineering for Functional Genomics," Special Opportunity Award from the Whitaker Foundation, 8/01/02-7/31/03. Award $28,289. Principal Investigator Stephen B. Knisley.

"Mechanisms of Arrhythmias and Defibrillation in Ischemia," an R01 grant from the National Institutes of Health, 9/30/2000-8/31/2005. Total award $827,293. Principal Investigator Stephen B. Knisley.

"Transmembrane Potential Mapping of Defibrillation," competitive renewal of an R01 grant from the National Institutes of Health, ID number 1R01HL52003, July 1, 1999- May 31, 2004. Total award $600,464. Principal Investigator Stephen B. Knisley.

"Line Stimulation for Cardiac Electrical Therapy," An Established Investigator Grant from the American Heart Association, January 1, 1998- December 31, 2001 (extended to December 31, 2002). Total award $300,000. Principal Investigator Stephen B. Knisley.

"Cardiac Tissue Structure in the Defibrillation Process". NIH grant HL63195, August 15, 1999-August 14, 2004 . Principal Investigator Natalia Trayanova, Tulane University, Total award approximately $500,000. Consultant Stephen B. Knisley.

"Simultaneous Electrical and Optical Recordings in Hearts," an R03 grant from the National Institutes of Health. Total award $50,373. Principal Investigator Stephen B. Knisley.

"Research Supplement for Transmembrane Potential Mapping of Defibrillation HL52003," National Institutes of Health, July 1, 1999- December 31, 2001. Total award $104,038. Principal Investigator Stephen B. Knisley, minority trainee Tamara Baynham.

"Model of Cardiac Muscle in Strong Electric Fields," NIH grant HL54071, Principal Investigator Wanda Krassowska, Duke University, Total award approximately $500,000. Consultant Stephen B. Knisley.

"Cardiac Arrhythmias: A Special Emphasis in Biomedical Engineering at the University of Alabama at Birmingham," Special Opportunity Award from Whitaker Foundation, 3/1/962/29/00. Total award $906,616. Principal Investigator Raymond Ideker, Investigator Stephen B. Knisley.

"Transmembrane Potential Mapping of Defibrillation," an R01 grant from the National Institutes of Health, ID number 1R01HL52003-01A2, July 1, 1995- June 30, 1999. Total award $510,204. Principal Investigator Stephen B. Knisley.

"Two-Dimensional Fluorescence Mapping in Hearts," a grant from the Medical Application Research Foundation (from Japanese), 1997. The grant supports development of an optical recording system that uses blue light emitting diodes and optical fibers. Award (equivalent to $8,800). Co-Investigators Itsuo Kodama, Ishiro Sakuma, Nitaro Shibata, and Stephen B. Knisley.

"International Research Collaboration," a grant from the Suzuken Memorial Foundation, which is a private foundation in Japan that supports international research, 1996. Principal Investigator Itsuo Kodama, M. D. Honorarium $6,000. Visiting Professor Stephen B. Knisley.

"Virtual Electrode Effects in the Heart," a grant from the American Heart Association, Alabama Affiliate, ID number Al-G-950032, July 1, 1995-June 30, 1997. Total award $59,738. Principal Investigator Stephen B. Knisley.

"Macroscopic Dynamics of an Excitable Cell in an External Field," A Grant from the Engineering Directorate, National Science Foundation, January 1994. Principal Investigator Wanda Krassowska, Duke University, Total award approximately $150,000. Consultant Stephen B. Knisley.

"Effects of Defibrillation Shocks on the Transmembrane Potentials," a grant from the American Heart Association, North Carolina Affiliate, ID number NC-93-GS-19, July 1, 1993-June 30, 1995. Total award $37,097. Principal Investigator Xiaohong Zhou, Sponsor Stephen B. Knisley.

"Visiting Scholarship," a grant from the School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Technology, Sydney. 1992. Honorarium A$5,550. Visiting Professor Stephen B. Knisley.

"Mechanisms of Electrical Stimulation of Ventricular Muscle" a grant from The Whitaker Foundation, August 1, 1992-November 30, 1995. Total award $179,954. Principal Investigator Stephen B. Knisley.

"National Science Foundation/Engineering Research Center Lilly Fellows Program," a grant from Eli Lilly and Co., April 1, 1989-March 31, 1994. Total award $500,000. Principal Investigator Theo Pilkington, Investigator Stephen B. Knisley.

"Studies of Electrical Countershock in Ventricular Muscle," a grant from the American Heart Association, North Carolina Affiliate, ID number NC91G-14, July 1, 1991-June 30, 1993. Total award $34,197. Principal Investigator Stephen B. Knisley.

"Optimization of Fluorescence Microscopy of Cellular Response to Stimulation," a grant from the North Carolina Biotechnology Center, ID number 9113-ARG-0612, July 1, 1991-December 31, 1992. Total award $39,941. Principal Investigator Stephen B. Knisley.

"Duke-North Carolina National Science Foundation/Engineering Research Center for Emerging Cardiovascular Technologies," a grant from The National Science Foundation, ID number CDR-8622201, October 1, 1987 -March 31, 1996. Annual award $2,400,000. Program Director, Olaf T. von Ramm, Subsection "Antiarrhythmic Systems: Experimental," Co-Principal Investigators Raymond E. Ideker and Roger C. Barr, Investigator Stephen B. Knisley.

"Mechanisms of Sudden Cardiac Death," a Program Project Grant from the National Institutes of Health, ID number P01HL27430, July 1, 1982-June 30, 1987 and continuation July 1, 1987-June 30, 1992. Principal investigator Leonard S. Gettes, M. D. Subsection "Electronics Core," Annual award $100,000. Principal Investigator Jack W. Buchanan, Technician Stephen B. Knisley.




RECENT PAPERS
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Venkat K. Ramshesh, Stephen B. Knisley, “Transillumination and increased fluorescence absorption for deeper cardiac optical mapping,” (in press in Journal of Biomedical Optics, 27 typed pages and 7 figures, 2006)

Herman D. Himel IV, and Stephen B. Knisley, “Imaging of Cardiac Movement Using Ratiometric and Nonratiometric Optical Mapping: Effects of Ischemia and 2, 3-Butaneodione Monoxime,” IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging. 25; 122-127:2006

John H. Dumas and Stephen B. Knisley, “Two Photon Excitation of di-4-ANEPPS for Optical Recording of Action Potentials in Rabbit Hearts” Annals of Biomedical Engineering 33(12);1802-1807:2005

Stephen B. Knisley and Andrew E. Pollard, “Use of Translucent Indium Tin Oxide to Measure Stimulatory Effects of a Passive Conductor During Field Stimulation of Rabbit Hearts” (American Journal of Physiology, Epub ahead of print May 13, 2005, print version, Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 289;H1137-H1146, 2005.)

Joy Liau, John H Dumas, Deborah Janks, Bradley J Roth, and Stephen B. Knisley, “Cardiac optical mapping under a translucent stimulation electrode,” Annals of Biomedical Engineering 32;1202-1210:2004

James M. Garrity, W. Paul Segars, Stephen Knisley, Benjamin M. W. Tsui, “Development of a dynamic model for the lung lobes and airway tree in the NCAT phantom,” IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 50 number 3;378-383:2003.

Ramshesh Venkat Krishnan, Stephen B. Knisley, “Spatial Localization of Cardiac Optical Mapping with Multiphoton Excitation,” Journal of Biomedical Optics 8;253-263:2003

Stephen B. Knisley, Michael R. Neuman, “Simultaneous electrical and optical mapping in rabbit hearts,” Annals of Biomedical Engineering 31;32-41: 2003

Wei Kong, Gregory P. Walcott, William M. Smith, Philip L. Johnson, Stephen B. Knisley, “Emission Ratiometry for Simultaneous Calcium and Action Potential Measurements with Coloaded Dyes in Rabbit Hearts: Reduction of Motion and Photobleaching Effects,” Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 14;76-82: 2003

Recent Publications:

  1. SB Knisley, "The Duke University Center for the Study of Primate History and Biology," in Comfortable Quarters for Laboratory Animals. Revised edition, Animal Welfare Institute, Washington, pp.39-41: 1979.
  2. Blanchard S, Knisley S, Walcott G, Ideker R, "Defibrillation Waveforms" in Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator, ed. I Singer, Futura Publishing Co., Inc., pp. 153-178:1994.
  3. Knisley SB, "Influence of Fiber Structure on Tissue Response to Electrical Stimulation," in Optical Mapping of Cardiac Excitaton and Arrhythmias. Futura Publishing Company, Inc., pp. 361-380: 2001.
  4. Baynham T, Cascio W, Knisley S, "Impedance Measurements in Cardiac Tissue," in Quantitative Cardiac Electrophysiology, Ed. C. Cabo and D. Rosenbaum, Dekker Marcel, Inc. ISBN: 0-8247-0774-5: 667 pages, 2002.
  5. Knisley S, "Author’s Reply: Critical Curvatures in the Heart," Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 43 (12);1203-1204:1996.
  6. Stephen B. Knisley, "Editorial Comment: Exploring Cardiac Response to AC Stimulation," Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 12(10);1185-1186:2001.
  7. Stephen B. Knisley, "Editorial Comment: Critique of a Computer Model Study of AC Defibrillation," Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology in press:2002.
  8. Hiramatsu Y, Buchanan J, Knisley S, Gettes L, "Frequency Dependent Increase in Longitudinal Resistance in Guinea Pig Ventricular Muscle Exposed to Hypoxia," Circulation 76; IV-114: 1987. (abstract)
  9. Knisley S, Buchanan J, "Real-Time Measurement of Myocardial Action Potential Conduction Time Using a Digital Signal Processor," 1986 Annual Research Review, page 41, Biomedical Engineering Curriculum, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1986. (abstract)
  10. Knisley S, "Hardware Designs for Data Acquisition using Ion Specific Electrodes," 1986 Annual Research Review, page 42, Biomedical Engineering Curriculum, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1986. (abstract)
  11. Hiramatsu Y, Knisley S, Buchanan J, Gettes L, "Role of Rate-Dependent Uncoupling on Conduction Change during Simulated Ischemia in Guinea Pig Papillary Muscles: Effect of Verapamil," Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Journal 2; A930: 1988. (abstract)
  12. Knisley S, "Action Potential Propagation and Electrical Properties in Ventricular Muscle: Effects of Ischemia," Annals of Biomedical Engineering 17; 686-687: 1989. (abstract)
  13. Hiramatsu Y, Buchanan J, Knisley S, Gettes L, "Rate-Dependent Cellular Uncoupling Contributes to the Conduction Changes in Acute Ischemia and is Prevented by Verapamil," Journal of the American College of Cardiology 13; 127A: 1989. (abstract)
  14. Boyd L, Engle C, Martin D, Buchanan J, Knisley S, Gettes L, "Assessment of Local Injury Current by Potassium Equilibrium and Injury Potential Relationships during Acute Myocardial Ischemia," Circulation 80; II-500: 1989. (abstract)
  15. Knisley S, Hiramatsu Y, Buchanan J, Gettes L, "Comparison of Theoretical and Observed Conduction Changes during Simulated Ischemia in Ventricular Muscle," Biophysical Journal 55; 293a: 1989. (abstract)
  16. Maruyama T, Knisley S, Buchanan J, Gettes L, "Ryanodine Supresses Conduction Slowing, Decrease of Vmax, and Cellular Uncoupling Induced by Simulated Ischemia," Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Journal 2; A681: 1990. (abstract)
  17. Zhou X, Knisley S, Wolf P, Rollins D, Afework Y, Smith W, Ideker R, "Action Potentials during Early Ventricular Fibrillation," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 13; 558: 1990. (abstract)
  18. Zhou X, Knisley S, Wolf P, Rollins D, Smith W, Ideker R, "Prolongation of Action Potential Duration by Monophasic and Biphasic Shocks," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 13; 506: 1990. (abstract)
  19. Zhou X, Knisley S, Smith W, Ideker R, "Refractory Periods to Monophasic and Biphasic Stimuli During Ventricular Fibrillation," Circulation 82;III-642:1990. (abstract)
  20. Knisley S, Zhou X, Guse P, Wolf P, Rollins D, Smith W, Ideker R, "Shocks first Prolong, then Shorten, Action Potentials in Ventricular Muscle," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 13; 517: 1990. (abstract)
  21. Knisley S, Maruyama T, Buchanan JW, "Interstitial Potential in Ventricular Fibers," Circulation 82;III-643:1990. (abstract)
  22. Zhou X, Knisley S, Guse P, Wolf P, Dixon E, Afework Y, Smith W, Ideker R, "Existence of Sodium Currents during Early Ventricular Fibrillation in Dogs," Journal of the American College of Cardiology 17;288A:1991. (abstract)
  23. Knisley S, Afework Y, Li J, Smith W, Ideker R, "Dispersion of Repolarization Induced by a Nonuniform Shock Field," Journal of the American College of Cardiology 17;248A:1991. (abstract)
  24. Knisley S, Krassowska W, Wolf P, Smith W, Ideker R, "Impact of Myocardial Fiber Orientation on Cellular Response to Countershock," Journal of the American College of Cardiology 17;297A:1991. (abstract)
  25. Knisley S, Zhou X, Rollins D, Smith W, Ideker R, "Shock Strength and Timing to Prolong Ventricular Repolarization and Refractoriness," Journal of the American College of Cardiology 17;335A:1991. (abstract)
  26. Zhou X, Knisley S, Wolf P, Rollins D, Smith W, Ideker R, "Action Potential Prolongation by Biphasic and Monophasic Shocks during Fibrillation," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 14;689:1991. (abstract)
  27. Knisley S, Krassowska W, Dixon-Tulloch E, Hagler J, Smith W, Ideker R, "Effect of Interstimulus Polarity Reversal on Excitation Thresholds for Field Stimulation," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 14;688:1991. (abstract)
  28. Knisley S, Smith W, Ideker R, "Assessment of the Impact of Electrical Shock on the Dispersion of Myocardial Repolarization," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 14;666:1991. (abstract)
  29. Maruyama T, Saikawa T, Takaki R, Takahashi N, Fujino T, Ito M, Arita M, Gettes L, Knisley S, "Effect of Interstitial Potential on Action Potential Upstroke," Japanese Cardiovascular Meeting (translated from Japanese) 21:1991. (abstract)
  30. Knisley S, Melnick S, Smith W, Ideker R, "Efficacy of Monophasic and Biphasic Shocks for Excitation and Repolarization Prolongation," Circulation 84;II-497:1991. (abstract)
  31. Knisley S, Krassowska W, Smith W, Pilkington T, "Longitudinal Capacitance in Myocardial Fibers," Circulation 84;II-325:1991. (abstract)
  32. Knisley B, Hill B, "The Importance of Wavefront Curvature for Longitudinal Propagation and Anisotropy in Myocardium," Journal of the American College of Cardiology 19;90A:1992. (abstract)
  33. Knisley S, Blitchington T, Hill B, Grant A, Smith W, Pilkington T, Ideker R, "Transmembrane Potential Changes Measured Optically During Field Stimulation of Ventricular Cells," Journal of the American College of Cardiology 19;122A:1992. (abstract)
  34. Knisley S, Pilkington T, "Efficiency of Field Stimulation with Monophasic and Biphasic Waveforms," Circulation 86;I-442:1992. (abstract)
  35. Knisley S, Hill B, "Optical Recordings of Shock-Induced Action Potential Prolongation and Repetitive Beats," Circulation 86;I-821:1992. (abstract)
  36. Knisley S, Smith W, Ideker R, "Intracellular Responses of Myocardium to Defibrillation-Type Stimulation," Proceedings 7th Purdue Conference on Cardiac Defibrillation, American Heart Journal 124; 835: 1992. (abstract)
  37. Knisley S, Hill B, Ideker R, "A Large Region of Membrane Hyperpolarization Near the Cathode During Stimulation in Arterially Perfused Rabbit Hearts," Journal of the American College of Cardiology 21;220A:1993. (abstract)
  38. Zhou X, Blitchington T, Smith W, Ideker R, Knisley S, "Transmembrane Potential Changes During a Shock," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 16;875:1993. (abstract)
  39. Zhou X, Blitchington T, Smith W, Ideker R, Knisley S, "Excitation Latency Following a Defibrillation-Strength Shock Depends on the Polarity of the Transmembrane Potential Change in Rabbit Hearts," Circulation 88;I-53:1993. (abstract)
  40. Zhou X, Blitchington T, Smith W, Ideker R, Knisley S, "Transmembrane Potential Changes Induced by Shocks," Circulation 88;I-625:1993. (abstract)
  41. Knisley S, Grant A, "Asymmetric Injury at the Ends of Ventricular Cells Induced by Strong Electric Field Stimulation," Journal of the American College of Cardiology Special Issue; 293A: February 1994. (abstract)
  42. Knisley S, Hill B, Blitchington T, "Transmembrane Voltages During Cardiac Stimulation," Proceedings Second Carolina Conference in Biomedical Engineering, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1994. (abstract)
  43. Knisley S, Grant A, "Effects of Calcium During and After a Shock on the Asymmetry of Ventricular Myocyte Injury," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 17;838:1994. (abstract)
  44. Knisley S, Grant A, "Asymmetric Injury at the Ends of Ventricular Cells Induced by Strong Electric Field Stimulation," Journal of the American College of Cardiology Special Issue; 293A: February 1994. (abstract)
  45. Zhou X, Blitchington T, Smith W, Ideker R, Knisley S, "Transmembrane Potential Changes Induced by Shocks," Circulation 88;I-625:1993. (abstract)
  46. Zhou X, Blitchington T, Smith W, Ideker R, Knisley S, "Excitation Latency Following a Defibrillation-Strength Shock Depends on the Polarity of the Transmembrane Potential Change in Rabbit Hearts," Circulation 88;I-53:1993. (abstract)
  47. Zhou X, Blitchington T, Smith W, Ideker R, Knisley S, "Transmembrane Potential Changes During a Shock," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 16;875:1993. (abstract)
  48. Knisley S, Hill B, Ideker R, "A Large Region of Membrane Hyperpolarization Near the Cathode During Stimulation in Arterially Perfused Rabbit Hearts," Journal of the American College of Cardiology 21;220A:1993. (abstract)
  49. Knisley S, Smith W, Ideker R, "Intracellular Responses of Myocardium to Defibrillation-Type Stimulation," Proceedings 7th Purdue Conference on Cardiac Defibrillation, American Heart Journal 124; 835: 1992. (abstract)
  50. Knisley S, Hill B, "Optical Recordings of Shock-Induced Action Potential Prolongation and Repetitive Beats," Circulation 86;I-821:1992. (abstract)
  51. Knisley S, "Transmembrane Potentials at the Ends of Ventricular Myocytes During Electroporation by Field Stimulation," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 17;838:1994. (abstract)
  52. Knisley S, Hill B, Smith W, Ideker R, "Fluorescence Measurements of Cardiac Transmembrane Voltage During Electrical Stimulation," Physics in Medicine and Biology 39a; 395:1994. (abstract)
  53. Knisley S, "Studies of Strong Electrical Stimulation of Rabbit Ventricular Myocytes," American Heart Journal 128;634: 1994. (abstract)
  54. Knisley S, Davis C, "Membrane Polarization During Point Stimulation in Perfused Rabbit Hearts," Circulation 90;I-176:1994. (abstract)
  55. Mears A, Knisley S, Holley L, "Electric field stimulation of ventricular tissue and the role of field nonuniformity," Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Technology Sydney, XIth Scientific Research Meeting, Sydney, November 16-17, 1994. (abstract)
  56. Clark DM, Knisley S, Ideker R, "Action Potential Prolongation Produced by Point Stimulation," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 18(4);936:1995. (abstract)
  57. Clark DM, Rogers JM, Ideker RE, and Knisley SB, "Anodal and Cathodal Point Stimulation Produce Action Potential Prolongation in Regions of Depolarization," Circulation 92(8);I-301:1995. (abstract)
  58. Clark DM, Rogers JM, Ideker RE, Knisley SB, "Intracardiac Defibrillation-Strength Shocks Produce Large Regions of Hyperpolarization and Depolarization," Journal of the American College of Cardiology 27 (2A);147A:1996. (abstract)
  59. Knisley SB, "Strong Electrical Stimulation Increases Intracellular Calcium in Perfused Rabbit Hearts," Journal of the American College of Cardiology 27 (2A);147A:1996. (abstract)
  60. Clark DM, Justice RK, Ideker RE, Knisley SB, "Reversing Defibrillation Polarity Does Not Always Reverse Membrane Polarization During the Shock," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 19(4);666:1996. (abstract)
  61. Holley L, Knisley SB, "Transmembrane Potentials During High Voltage Shocks in Ischaemic Cardiac Tissue," European Journal of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology 6(1);277:1996. (abstract)
  62. Baynham, TC, Knisley SB, "Development of a Current Sensing Electrode to Determine Current Distribution in Cardiac Tissue," Annals of Biomedical Engineering 24 (1);S-60:1996. (abstract)
  63. Baynham, TC, Knisley SB, "Toward the Measurement of Longitudinal and Transverse Resistivities in Arterially Perfused Rabbit Right Ventricle," Annals of Biomedical Engineering 24 (1);S-60:1996. (abstract)
  64. Clark DM, Justice RK, Ideker RE, Knisley SB, "Dispersion of repolarization after successful intracardiac defibrillation shocks," Journal of American College of Cardiology 29 number 2;514A:1997. (abstract)
  65. Knisley SB, Baynham, TC, "Control of transmembrane voltage sign reversal by line stimulation parallel to cardiac fibers," Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing 35 Supplement Part I; 452:1997. (abstract)
  66. Knisley SB, Pollard AE, Ideker RE, "Changing Shock Polarity Causes a “No-Switch” Region Where Transmembrane Voltage Hyperpolarizes With Either Polarity," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology Vol 21;847:1998. (abstract).
  67. RE Ideker, SB Knisley, T Baynham, "Two Types of Critical Points in Defibrillation," Annals of Biomedical Engineering 26(1);S17:1998. (abstract)
  68. Tamara C. Baynham, SB Knisley, "The Role of Fiber Rotation in Effective Epicardial Resistance of Rabbit Ventricles," Annals of Biomedical Engineering 26(1);S20:1998. (abstract)
  69. F Aguel, N Trayanova, S Knisley, "Shock Extracellular Fields and Their Impact on Transmembrane Potentials in the Myocardium," Annals of Biomedical Engineering 26(1);S22:1998. (abstract)
  70. Stephen B. Knisley, "An Activating Function Produced by a Spatial Change in Shock Voltage Gradient Causes Membrane Polarization in Rabbit Hearts," Circulation 98 (17);I-788:1998. (abstract)
  71. Stephen B. Knisley, Vladimir Fast, Andrew Pollard, "Anisotropy of Membrane Polarization Decreases when an Electrode is Separated from the Myocardial Surface," Circulation 100 (18);I-786:1999. (abstract)
  72. Stephen B. Knisley, RK Justice, Wei Kong, PL Johnson, "Fluorescence emission ratiometry indicates cardiac repolarization and resting membrane potential changes without requiring pharmacological motion inhibition," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 23 (4);616:2000. (abstract)
  73. Wei Kong, Philip L. Johnson, Stephen B. Knisley, "Reduction of motion artifacts and photobleaching during multiwavelength ratiometric optical recording of action potentials and intracellular calcium transients in rabbit hearts," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 23 (4);608:2000. (abstract)
  74. Stephen B. Knisley, "Fluorescence Emission Ratiometry with Charge-Shift Transmembrane Voltage-Sensitive Dye in Hearts," Southeast Regional Meeting on Optoelectronics, Photonics and Imaging, Optical Society of America and Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers; Charlotte, SE01-11, 34: 2000. (technical summary)
  75. Tamara C. Baynham, Stephen B. Knisley, "Line Stimulation Across Fibers Produces Arrhythmias That Depend on Virtual Electrodes and Action Potential Prolongation," Annals of Biomedical Engineering 28(1);S55:2000. (abstract)
  76. Stephen B. Knisley, Wei Kong, "Fluorescence Emission Ratiometry for Measurement of Cardiac Action Potentials," Annals of Biomedical Engineering 28(1);S55:2000. (abstract)
  77. Wei Kong, Philip Johnson Jr., Stephen B. Knisley, "Emission Overlap for RH237 and Fluo-4 Used Simultaneously to Record Optical Vm and Intracellular Calcium Transients in Rabbit Hearts," Annals of Biomedical Engineering 28(1);S57:2000. (abstract)
  78. Wei Kong, Stephen B. Knisley, "Effect of diacetyl monoxime on action potential duration in rabbit hearts as revealed by fluorescence emission ratiometry," (abstract presented at Biomedical Engineering Society Asian Conference, China, 2000).
  79. Stephen B. Knisley, Michael R. Neuman, "Cardiac Excitation Time Differences Determined by Simultaneous Collocal Mapping of Extracellular Voltages and Transmembrane Voltages," Circulation 102(18);II-336:2000. (abstract)
  80. Tamara C. Baynham, Natalia A. Trayanova, Raymond E. Ideker, Stephen B. Knisley, "Line stimulation across fibers produces arrhythmias via break
    excitation that depends on virtual electrodes," Circulation 102(18);II-341:2000. (abstract)
  81. Wei Kong, William M. Smith, Greg Walcott, Philip Johnson, and Stephen B. Knisley, "Comparison of Overlap Errors in Simultaneous Intracellular Calcium and Membrane Voltage Measurements," Annals of Biomedical Engineering 29 Suppl.1;S-56:2001. (abstract)
  82. Venkat Ramshesh, Stephen B. Knisley, "Modeling Deep Tissue Fluorescence Excitation Using Monte Carlo Simulation," Annals of Biomedical Engineering 29 Suppl.1;S-56:2001. (abstract)
  83. Lei Ding, Robert Splinter, Stephen B. Knisley, "Determination of the Cardiac Tissue Sample Volume for Optical Mapping Using Monte Carlo Simulation," Annals of Biomedical Engineering 29 Suppl.1;S-56:2001. (abstract)
  84. Tamara C. Baynham, Stephen B. Knisley, "Line Stimulation 45 degrees with respect to Fibers Produces Virtual Electrode-Dependent Arrhythmias," Annals of Biomedical Engineering 29 Suppl.1;S-49:2001. (abstract)
  85. Andrew E. Pollard, Vladimir Fast and Stephen B. Knisley, "Modeling of Hyperkalemia-Induced Extrasystoles," Annals of Biomedical Engineering 29 Suppl.1;S-54:2001. (abstract)
  86. Stephen B. Knisley, BME231, "Afterdepolarizations in NPRA Knockout and Wild-type Mouse Atria," Annals of Biomedical Engineering 29 Suppl.1;S-52:2001. (abstract)
  87. Stephen B. Knisley, "Left Ventricular Transmembrane Voltage Changes Produced by Suprapericardial Point and Line Stimulation," Circulation 104(17);II-772:2001. (abstract)
  88. Venkat Krishnan Ramshesh, John H. Dumas and Stephen B. Knisley, "A Computer Modeling Study of the Localization of Cardiac Optical Mapping with Multi-Photon Excitation," Computers in Cardiology; page 85 of abstract book: 2002 (abstract)
  89. Joy Liau and Stephen B. Knisley, "Microprocessor-controlled laser scanner system for multiwavelength cardiac optical mapping," Computers in Cardiology; page 157 of abstract book: 2002 (abstract)
  90. Sabrina Barnes, Laurie McNeil, Stephen B. Knisley, "Modes of vibration of a musical saw," 2002 Annual Biomedical Research Conference for Minority Students, New Orleans (abstract)
  91. Timothy A. Johnson, Richard L. Goldberg, Stephen R. Quint, Charles C. Finley, Henry S. Hsiao, Stephen B. Knisley, "Accomodating an expanding curriculum with limited resources," Southeast Conference of the American Society for Engineering Education, Macon, GA, 2003 (abstract)
  92. Stephen R. Quint, Timothy A. Johnson, Richard L. Goldberg, Stephen B. Knisley, "Implementation of a 5-year thesis-based B.S./M.S. degree program in biomedical engineering," Southeast Conference of the American Society for Engineering Education, Macon, GA, 2003 (abstract)
  93. David Lalush, Timothy A. Johnson, Richard L. Goldberg, Stephen R. Quint, Stephen B. Knisley, "Biomedical engineering masters degree coupled with graduate level minor in business administration," Southeast Conference of the American Society for Engineering Education, Macon, GA, 2003 (abstract)
  94. Stephen B. Knisley and Joy Liau, "Membrane Polarization under a patch electrode," Circulation 106(19);II-666:2002 (abstract)
  95. David Z Lan, Andrew E Pollard, Steven B. Knisley, and Vladimir G Fast, "Optical Mapping of Vm and Cai 2+ During Arrhythmias Induced by Local Perfusion of Norepinephrine in Cultured Cell Monolayers," Circulation 106(19);II-192:2002 (abstract)
  96. Sabrina Barnes, Laurie E. McNeil, Stephen B. Knisley, "Modes of vibration of a musical saw," Annual Biomedical Research Conference for Minority Students, New Orleans, 2002 (abstract)
  97. Joy Liau, Stephen B. Knisley, "Excitation under a patch electrode in the heart," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 26 (4);1024:2003. (abstract)
  98. H. Dennis Himel IV, V. K. Ramshesh, Stephen B. Knisley, "A method to study electromechanical dissociation in ischemia with ratiometric optical mapping," Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Biomedical Engineering Society, Annals of Biomedical Engineering, in press, 2003. (abstract)
  99. John H. Dumas, Stephen B. Knisley, "A model study of depth-resolved laser scanning using acousto-optic deflectors," Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Biomedical Engineering Society, Annals of Biomedical Engineering, in press, 2003. (abstract)
  100. Knisley S, "Action Potential Propagation and Electrical Properties in Ventricular Muscle: Effects of Ischemia," Ph.D. Dissertation, University of North Carolina, 151 pages, 1988.
  101. Knisley S, Krassowska W, Pilkington, T, Smith W, "Effect of Intercellular Capacitance on Conduction in a Model of Cell Uncoupling," Proceedings 12th Annual International Conference Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society 12;620-621: 1990.
  102. Knisley S, Krassowska W, Pilkington T, Smith W, "Do Myocardial Fibers Contain Junctional Capacitance?" Proceedings 13th Annual International Conference Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society 13; 611:1991.
  103. Knisley S, Smith W, Ideker, "Effects of Electrical Shock on Myocardial Repolarization," Proceedings 13th Annual International Conference Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society 13; 602:1991.
  104. Knisley S, Hill B, Ideker R, Pilkington T, Grant A, (authors named in text of article), "Using Light to Investigate Defibrillation," Newsletter of the National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center for Emerging Cardiovascular Technologies, Duke University, Vol. 2, No. 3, 1991.
  105. Knisley S, Hill B, Smith W, Ideker R, "Implications of Electrically-Induced Action Potential Prolongation for Reentry Induction in the Heart," Proceedings 14th Annual International Conference Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society 14; 633:1992.
  106. Knisley SB, Hill BC, "Assessing Myocardial Diffusion Constant from Propagation Velocities for Point and Line Stimulation," Proceedings 15th Annual International Conference Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society 15; 473:1993.
  107. Knisley S, Hill B, "Fluorescence Mapping of Transmembrane Potentials During Cardiac Stimulation," Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers - The International Society for Optical Engineers Vol. 2132;397-406:1994.
  108. Knisley S, "Mapping Intracellular Calcium in Rabbit Hearts with Fluo 3," Proceedings 17th Annual International Conference Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Vol 17, (CD ROM with no page numbers assigned, ISBN number 0-7803-2478-1); 1995.
  109. Knisley S, Johnson P, "Evaluating Current Distribution on the Surface of a Stimulation Electrode," Proc. 18th Annual International Conf Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Vol 18, CD ROM, paper 1056: 1996.
  110. Baynham T, Knisley SB, "Resistance calculations in arterially-perfused rabbit ventricles using a modified 4-electrode method," Proceedings 19th Annual International Conference Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Vol 19, 195-197: 1997.
  111. Johnson PL, Knisley SB, Rollins D, Smith W, "Spectral overlap considerations for simultaneous measurement of intracellular calcium concentration and transmembrane potentials in cardiac tissue," Proceedings 19th Annual International Conference Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Vol 19, 2367-2370: 1997.
  112. "Analysis improves cardiac treatment," Design News; 49-51: November 2, 1998.
  113. Stephen B. Knisley, Tamara C. Baynham, "Unraveling the secrets of the heart," Machine Design ;38-41: September 24, 1998.
  114. Tamara C. Baynham and Stephen B. Knisley, "Combined Electrostatic Analysis and Experiments Advances Cardiac Research," Nafems Benchmark (International Magazine for Engineering Design and Analysis): October 1998.
  115. Tamara C. Baynham and Stephen B. Knisley, "Combating Heart Disease With FEA," Mechanical Engineering 70-72; October 1998.
  116. Baynham TC, Knisley SB, "Seeking a model for study of arrhythmia induction by nonuniform polarization," Proceedings 21st Annual International Conference Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Vol 21, 166: 1999.
  117. Lei Ding, Robert Splinter, Stephen Knisley, "Quantifying Spatial Localization of Optical Mapping Using Monte Carlo Simulations," Proceedings of World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Chicago, IL, July, 2000. Published on CD-ROM.
  118. Venkat K. Ramshesh, John H. Dumas, Stephen B. Knisley, "A Computer Modeling Study of the Localization of Cardiac Optical Mapping at Discrete Depths Below the Tissue Surface," Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Computers in Cardiology 29;317-319:2002
  119. Joy Liau, Stephen B. Knisley, "Microprocessor-controlled laser scanner system for multiwavelength cardiac optical mapping," Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Computers in Cardiology 29;549-552:2002
  120. David S. Lalush, Tiffany Harris, Timothy A. Johnson, Stephen B. Knisley, Stephen R. Quint, "Biomedical Engineering Masters Degree Coupled with a Graduate Level Minor in Business Administration," Proceedings of the American Society for Engineering Education 2003 Annual Conference and Exposition, 2003, Nashville, TN. Published on CD-ROM.
  121. Stephen R. Quint, Timothy A. Johnson, Carol N. Lucas, Stephen B. Knisley, "Implementation of a 5-year Thesis Based B.S./M.S. Degree Program in Biomedical Engineering," Proceedings of the American Society for Engineering Education 2003 Annual Conference and Exposition, 2003, Nashville, TN. Published on CD-ROM.
  122. Timothy A. Johnson, Richard L. Goldberg, Stephen R. Quint, Charles C. Finley, Henry S. Hsiao, Stephen B. Knisley, "Accommodating an Expanding Curriculum with Limited Resources," Proceedings of the American Society for Engineering Education Southeast Section Conference, 2003, Macon, GA. Published on CD-ROM.
  123. Stephen R. Quint, Carol N. Lucas, Stephen B. Knisley, H. Troy Nagle, Henry Hsiao, "Thirty-five years of Graduate Education in Biomedical Engineering Located in a Medical School," Proceedings of the American Society for Engineering Education 2004 Annual Conference and Exposition, Salt Lake City, Utah, (submitted)
  124. Stephen R. Quint, Carol N. Lucas, Stephen B. Knisley, H. Troy Nagle, Henry Hsiao, "Formation of a Joint Biomedical Engineering Program Between UNC-CH and NC State," Proceedings of the American Society for Engineering Education 2004 Annual Conference and Exposition, Salt Lake City, Utah, (submitted)
  125. Knisley S, "Lemur Outdoor Caging System," Laboratory Primate Newsletter (Published by the Primate Behavior Laboratory, Brown University) Vol. 17(2);5-8:1978.
  126. Cascio W, Woelfel A, Knisley S, Buchanan J, Foster J, Gettes L, "Use Dependence of Amiodarone during the Sinus Tachycardia of Exercise in Coronary Artery Disease," The American Journal of Cardiology 61; 1042-1045: 1988.
  127. Hiramatsu Y, Buchanan J, Knisley S, Gettes L, "Rate-Dependent Effects of Hypoxia on Internal Longitudinal Resistance in Guinea Pig Papillary Muscles," Circulation Research 63; 923-929: 1988.
  128. Hiramatsu Y, Buchanan J, Knisley S, Koch G, Kropp S, Gettes L, "Influence of Rate-Dependent Cellular Uncoupling on Conduction Change during Simulated Ischemia in Guinea Pig Papillary Muscles: Effect of Verapamil," Circulation Research 65; 95-102: 1989.
  129. Johnson T, Engle C, Kusy R, Knisley S, Graebner C, Gettes L, "Fabrication, Evaluation, and Use of Extracellular K+ and pH+ Ion-Selective Electrodes," American Journal of Physiology 258; Heart and Circulatory Physiology 27; H1224-H1231: 1990.
  130. Zhou X, Knisley S, Wolf P, Rollins D, Smith W, Ideker R, "Prolongation of Repolarization Time by Electric Field Stimulation with Monophasic and Biphasic Shocks in Open Chest Dogs," Circulation Research 68;1761-1767:1991.
  131. Knisley S, Maruyama T, Buchanan J, "Interstitial Potential During Propagation in Bathed Ventricular Muscle," Biophysical Journal 59;509-515:1991.
  132. Knisley S, Afework Y, Li J, Smith W, Ideker R, "Dispersion of Repolarization Induced by a Nonuniform Shock Field," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 14;1148-1157:1991.
  133. Maruyama T, Cascio W, Knisley S, Buchanan J, Gettes LS, "Effects of Ryanodine and Bay k 8644 on Active and Passive Membrane Properties and Conduction Velocity During Simulated Ischemia," American Journal of Physiology 261; Heart and Circulatory Physiology 30; H2008-H2015:1991.
  134. Krassowska W, Cabo C, Knisley S, Ideker R ,"Propagation versus Delayed Activation During Field Stimulation of Cardiac Muscle," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 15:197-210:1992.
  135. Knisley S, Smith W, Ideker R, "Effect of Field Stimulation on Cellular Repolarization in Rabbit Myocardium: Implications for Reentry Induction," Circulation Research 70;707-715:1992.
  136. Knisley S, Smith W, Ideker R, "Effect of Intrastimulus Polarity Reversal on Electric Field Stimulation Thresholds in Frog and Rabbit Myocardium," Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 3; 239-254:1992.
  137. Knisley S, Blitchington T, Hill B, Grant A, Smith W, Pilkington T, Ideker R, "Optical Measurements of Transmembrane Potential Changes During Electric Field Stimulation of Ventricular Cells," Circulation Research 72;255-270:1993.
  138. Knisley S, Hill B, "Optical Recordings of the Effect of Electrical Stimulation on Action Potential Repolarization and the Induction of Reentry in Two-dimensional Perfused Rabbit Epicardium," Circulation 88;2402-2414:1993.
  139. Walcott GP, Walcott KT, Knisley SB, Zhou X, Ideker RE, "Mechanisms of Defibrillation for Monophasic and Biphasic Waveforms," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 17:478-498:1994.
  140. Knisley S, Hill B, Ideker R, "Virtual Electrode Effects in Myocardial Fibers," Biophysical Journal 66;719-728: 1994.
  141. Knisley S, Smith W, Ideker R, "Prolongation and Shortening of Action Potentials by Electrical Shocks in Frog Ventricular Muscle," American Journal of Physiology; Heart and Circulatory Physiology 266; H2348-H2358: 1994.
  142. Ideker RE, Zhou X, Knisley SB, "Correlation among Fibrillation, Defibrillation and Cardiac Pacing," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 18; 512-525:1995.
  143. Knisley S, Grant A, "Asymmetrical Electrically-Induced Injury of Rabbit Ventricular Myocytes," Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology 27; 1111-1122: 1995.
  144. Zhou X, Ideker RE, Blitchington TF, Smith WM, Knisley SB, "Optical Transmembrane Potential Measurements During Defibrillation-Strength Shocks in Perfused Rabbit Hearts," Circulation Research 77;593-602:1995.
  145. Knisley S, Hill B, "Effects of Bipolar Point and Line Stimulation in Anisotropic Rabbit Epicardium: Assessment of the Critical Radius of Curvature for Longitudinal Block," Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 42 (10);957-966:1995.
  146. Knisley S, Holley L, "Characterization of Shock-Induced Action Potential Extension During Acute Regional Ischemia in Rabbit Hearts," Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 6; 775-785:1995.
  147. Knisley, S, "Transmembrane Voltage Changes During Unipolar Stimulation of Rabbit Ventricle," Circulation Research 77;1229-1239:1995.
  148. Knisley S, Smith W, "Experimental Techniques for Investigating Cardiac Electrical Activity and Response to Electrical Stimuli," Proceedings of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 84 (3);417-427:1996.
  149. Holley L, Knisley S, "Transmembrane Potentials During High Voltage Shocks in Ischaemic Cardiac Tissue," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 20 Part II;146-152:1997.
  150. Walcott, GP, Knisley S, Zhou X, Newton J, Ideker RE, "On the Mechanism of Ventricular Defibrillation" Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 20 Part II;422-431:1997.
  151. Knisley S, Baynham T, "Line stimulation parallel to myofibers enhances regional uniformity of transmembrane voltage changes in rabbit hearts," Circulation Research 81;229-241: 1997.
  152. Knisley SB, "Optical mapping of cardiac electrical stimulation," Journal of Electrocardiology 30;11-18:1998.
  153. Baynham TC, Knisley SB, "Effective Epicardial Resistance of Rabbit Ventricles," Annals of Biomedical Engineering 27;96-102:1998.
  154. Xiaohong Zhou, Stephen B. Knisley, William M. Smith, Dennis Rollins, Andrew E. Pollard, Raymond E. Ideker, "Spatial changes in the transmembrane potential during extracellular electric stimulation," Circulation Research 83; 1003-1014:1998.
  155. Newton Jonathan C, Knisley SB, Zhou X, Pollard AE, Ideker RE, "Review of Mechanisms by which Electrical Stimulation Alters the Transmembrane Potential," Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 10;234-243:1999.
  156. Johnson Philip L, Smith W, Baynham TC, Knisley SB, "Errors Caused by Combination of Di-4-ANEPPS and Fluo3/4 for Simultaneous Measurements of Transmembrane Potentials and Intracellular Calcium," Annals of Biomedical Engineering 27;563-571: 1999.
  157. Clark DM, Ideker RE, Knisley SB, "Optical Transmembrane Potential Recordings During Intracardiac Defibrillation-Strength Shocks" Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology 3;109-120: 1999.
  158. Stephen B. Knisley, Natalia Trayanova, Felipe Aguel, "Roles of Electric Field and Fiber Structure in Cardiac Electric Stimulation" Biophysical Journal 77; 1404-1417:1999.
  159. Knisley SB, "Evidence for Roles of the Activating Function in Electric Stimulation," IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 47;1114-1119: 2000.
  160. Knisley S. B., Robert K. Justice, Wei Kong, Philip L. Johnson, "Ratiometry of Transmembrane Voltage-Sensitive Fluorescent Dye Emission in Hearts," American Journal of Physiology 279;1421-1432:2000.
  161. Stephen B. Knisley, Andrew E. Pollard, Vladimir G. Fast, "Effects of Electrode-Myocardial Separation on Cardiac Stimulation in Conductive Solution," Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 11;1132-1143:2000.
  162. Itsuo Kodama, I. Sakuma, N. Shibata, S. B. Knisley, R Niwa, and H. Honjo, "Regional differences in arrhythmogenic aftereffects of high intensity DC stimulation in the ventricles," Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 23(5);807-17:2000.
  163. Tamara C. Baynham, Stephen B. Knisley, "Roles of Line Stimulation-Induced Virtual Electrodes and Action Potential Prolongation in Arrhythmic Propagation," Journal Of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 12;256-263:2001.
  164. Lei Ding, Robert Splinter, Stephen B. Knisley, "Quantifying Spatial Localization of Optical Mapping Using Monte Carlo Simulations," IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 48(10); 1098-1107: 2001.
  165. Philip L. Johnson, Jonathan C. Newton, Dennis L. Rollins, Stephen B. Knisley, Raymond E. Ideker, and William M. Smith, "Intelligent multichannel stimulator for the study of cardiac arrhythmias," Annals of Biomedical Engineering 30;180-191, 2002.
  166. Andrew E. Pollard, Wayne E. Cascio, Vladimir G. Fast, and Stephen B. Knisley, "Modulation of triggered activity by uncoupling in the ischemic border. A model study with phase 1b-like conditions," Cardiovascular Research 56 (3);381-392:2002.
  167. Wei Kong, Gregory P. Walcott, William M. Smith, Philip L. Johnson, Stephen B. Knisley, "Emission Ratiometry for Simultaneous Calcium and Action Potential Measurements with Coloaded Dyes in Rabbit Hearts: Reduction of Motion and Photobleaching Effects," Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 14;76-82: 2003
  168. Stephen B. Knisley, Michael R. Neuman, (the preceding paper was selected for inclusion in compilation of links to articles covering a focused area of frontier research), Virtual Journal of Biological Physics Research, January 15, 2003
  169. Stephen B. Knisley, Michael R. Neuman, "Simultaneous electrical and optical mapping in rabbit hearts," Annals of Biomedical Engineering 31;32-41: 2003
  170. Venkat K Ramshesh, Stephen B. Knisley, (the preceding paper was selected for inclusion in compilation of links to articles covering a focused area of frontier research), Virtual Journal of Biological Physics Research, April 1, 2003
  171. Venkat K Ramshesh, Stephen B. Knisley, "Spatial Localization of Cardiac Optical Mapping with Multiphoton Excitation," Journal of Biomedical Optics 8;253-263:2003
  172. James M. Garrity, W. Paul Segars, Stephen Knisley, Benjamin M. W. Tsui, "Development of a dynamic model for the lung lobes and airway tree in the NCAT phantom," IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 50 number 3;378-383:2003.
  173. S Knisley, Joy Liau, D Janks, JH Dumas and BJ Roth, "Anisotropic effects of stimulation measured optically under a translucent electrode," (abstract submitted to Annual Conference of the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology).
  174. Stephen B Knisley, Ph. D., Sara Kraabel, B. S., Venkat Krishnan, B. E., Joy Liau, Yancy Ragin, B. S., Phillip Rybarczyk, B. S., Soma Sau, M. S., "Afterdepolarizations and effects of 2,3-butanedione monoxime in wild-type and NPRA knockout mouse atria," (pending revision, 16 typed pages, and 9 figures)
  175. Joy Liau, John H Dumas, Deborah Janks, Bradley J Roth, and Stephen B. Knisley, “Cardiac optical mapping under a translucent stimulation electrode,” Annals of Biomedical Engineering 32;1202-1210:2004
  176. Venkat K. Ramshesh, Stephen B. Knisley, “Transillumination and increased fluorescence absorption for deeper cardiac optical mapping,” (in press in Journal of Biomedical Optics, 27 typed pages and 7 figures, 2006)

Date of Last Modification: 8/31/2006

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